1. Hordhac
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waa mid ka mid ah thermoplastics-ka ugu badan uguna isticmaalka badan adduunka. Iyada oo ah walaxda ugu weyn ee dhalooyinka cabitaanka, baakadaha cuntada, iyo fiilooyinka macmalka ah, PET waxay isku daraysaa sifooyin jireed oo heer sare ah iyo dib-u-warshadayn. Maqaalkani wuxuu baarayaa astaamaha muhiimka ah ee PET, hababka wax-soo-saarka, iyo codsiyada kala duwan ee warshadaha.
2. Astaamaha Agabka
Sifooyinka Jirka & Farsamada
- Saamiga Xoogga Sare-ilaa-Miisaanka: Xoogga jiidista ee 55-75 MPa
- Caddayn: >90% gudbinta iftiinka (darajooyinka kristalinta)
- Sifooyinka Caqabadaha: Iska caabin wanaagsan oo CO₂/O₂ ah (oo lagu xoojiyay dahaarka)
- Iska caabbinta Kulaylka: Adeegsi joogto ah ilaa 70°C (150°F)
- Cufnaanta: 1.38-1.40 g/cm³ (aan qaab lahayn), 1.43 g/cm³ (kristaal)
Iska caabinta Kiimikada
- Iska caabin aad u fiican biyaha, aalkolada, saliidaha
- Iska caabin dhexdhexaad ah oo loo qabo asiidhyada/saldhigyada daciifka ah
- Iska caabin la'aan alkalis xooggan, dareereyaal qaar
Astaanta Deegaanka
- Koodhka Dib-u-warshadaynta: #1
- Khatarta Haydarooliga: Wuu hoos u dhacaa heerkulka sare/pH
- Dib-u-warshadayn: Waxaa dib loo warshadayn karaa 7-10 jeer iyada oo aan la helin khasaare hantiyeed oo weyn.
3. Hababka Habaynta
| Habka | Codsiyada Caadiga ah | Tixgelinnada Muhiimka ah |
|---|---|---|
| Kala-bixinta duritaanka | Dhalooyinka cabitaanka | Jihaynta laba-geesoodka ah waxay hagaajisaa xoogga |
| Kordhinta | Filimada, xaashiyaha | Waxay u baahan tahay qaboojin degdeg ah si loo caddeeyo |
| Wareegga Fiber-ka | Dharka (polyester) | Wareeg xawaare sare leh oo ah 280-300°C |
| Heerkulka | Saxannada cuntada | Waa lagama maarmaan in la qalajiyo kahor (qoyaan ka badan 50 ppm) |
4. Codsiyada Muhiimka ah
Baakad (73% baahida adduunka)
- Dhalooyinka Cabitaanka: 500 bilyan oo unug sannadkii
- Weelasha Cuntada: Saxannada microwave-ka lagu karin karo, qolofta saladhka
- Daawada: Baakadaha nabarrada, dhalooyinka daawada
Dharka (22% baahida)
- Fiber Polyester: Dharka, qalabka lagu dahaadho
- Dharka Farsamada: Suumanka kuraasta, suunka gudbiyaha
- Maro aan tolnayn: Jootextiles, warbaahinta sifeynta
Isticmaalka Soo-baxa (5% laakiin sii kordhaya)
- Daabacaadda 3D: Fiilooyin xoog badan
- Elektaroonikada: Filimada dahaarka leh, qaybaha kaabsoosha
- Tamarta La Cusboonaysiin Karo: Gadaasha muraayadaha qoraxda
5. Horumarka Waara
Tiknoolajiyada Dib-u-warshadaynta
- Dib-u-warshadaynta Farsamada (90% PET-ka dib loo warshadeeyay)
- Habka dhalaalinta dhaqidda-jeexjeexa
- Heerka cuntadu wuxuu u baahan yahay nadiifin aad u wanaagsan
- Dib-u-warshadaynta Kiimikada
- Glycolysis/depolymerization ilaa monomers
- Hawsha ensaymyada soo ifbaxaysa
PET-ku-saleysan Bayooloji
- 30% qaybaha MEG ee laga soo saaro dhirta
- Tiknoolajiyadda Coca-Cola's PlantBottle™
- Kharashka hadda jira: 20-25%
6. Isbarbardhigga Balaastikada Kale
| Hantida | XAYWAANKA CAAFIMAADKA | HDPE | PP | PLA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caddayn | Aad u fiican | Doog ah | Translucent | Wanaagsan |
| Heerkulka ugu badan ee Isticmaalka | 70°C | 80°C | 100°C | 55°C |
| Caqabadda Ogsajiinta | Wanaagsan | Liita | Dhexdhexaad ah | Liita |
| Heerka Dib-u-warshadaynta | 57% | 30% | 15% | <5% |
7. Aragtida Mustaqbalka
PET waxay sii waddaa inay maamusho baakadaha hal mar la isticmaalo iyadoo la ballaarinayo codsiyada waara iyada oo loo marayo:
- Tiknoolajiyada caqabadaha ee la xoojiyay (dahaarka SiO₂, lakabyo badan)
- Kaabayaasha dib-u-warshadaynta ee horumarsan (PET-da kiimikada dib loo warshadeeyay)
- Wax ka beddelka waxqabadka (nano-composites, wax ka beddelka saameynta)
Iyada oo leh dheelitirnaan gaar ah oo ku saabsan waxqabadka, habaynta iyo dib-u-warshadaynta, PET waxay weli lama huraan u tahay dhaqaalaha balaastigga adduunka iyadoo u gudbaysa moodooyinka wax soo saarka wareegsan.
Waqtiga boostada: Luulyo-21-2025