Wararka Warshadaha
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Waa maxay HDPE-ga loo isticmaalo?
HDPE waxaa loo isticmaalaa alaabada iyo baakadaha sida weelasha caanaha, dhalooyinka saabuunta, weelasha margarine-ka, weelasha qashinka iyo tuubooyinka biyaha. Tuubooyinka dhererkoodu kala duwan yahay, HDPE waxaa loo isticmaalaa beddelka tuubooyinka madaafiicda kartoonka ee la keenay laba sababood oo waaweyn awgood. Midda koowaad, aad ayay uga ammaan badan tahay tuubooyinka kartoonka ee la keenay sababtoo ah haddii qolofku cilladoobo oo uu ku qarxo gudaha tuubada HDPE, tuubooyinku ma burburi doonaan. Sababta labaad ayaa ah inay dib loo isticmaali karo taasoo u oggolaanaysa naqshadeeyayaasha inay abuuraan meelo badan oo madaafiic lagu rido. Xirfadlayaasha Pyrotechnical-ka waxay niyad jabiyaan isticmaalka tuubooyinka PVC ee tuubooyinka madaafiicda sababtoo ah waxay u janjeertaa inay burburto, taasoo u dirta jajabyo balaastiig ah daawadayaasha suurtagalka ah, mana soo muuqan doonto raajada X-ray. -
Kaarka cagaaran ee PLA wuxuu noqdaa xal waara oo caan ah oo loogu talagalay warshadaha maaliyadeed.
Balaastig aad u badan ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo sameeyo kaararka bangiga sannad kasta, iyadoo walaacyada deegaanka ay sii kordhayaan, Thales, oo ah hormuudka amniga tiknoolajiyadda sare, ayaa sameeyay xal. Tusaale ahaan, kaar laga sameeyay 85% polylactic acid (PLA), kaas oo laga soo qaatay galleyda; hab kale oo cusub ayaa ah in la isticmaalo unugyada hawlaha nadiifinta xeebaha iyada oo loo marayo iskaashi lala yeesho kooxda deegaanka ee Parley for the Oceans. Qashinka balaastikada ah ee la ururiyey - "Ocean Plastic®" oo ah agab ceeriin ah oo cusub oo loogu talagalay soo saarista kaararka; waxaa sidoo kale jira ikhtiyaar loogu talagalay kaararka PVC ee dib loo warshadeeyay oo gebi ahaanba laga sameeyay balaastikada qashinka ah ee warshadaha baakadaha iyo daabacaadda si loo yareeyo isticmaalka balaastikada cusub. -
Falanqayn kooban oo ku saabsan xogta soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta resin-ka pvc ee Shiinaha laga bilaabo Janaayo ilaa Juun.
Laga bilaabo Janaayo ilaa Juun 2022, dalkaygu wuxuu soo dhoofiyay wadarta guud ee 37,600 oo tan oo ah resin koollada ah, taasoo ah hoos u dhac 23% marka la barbar dhigo isla xilligii sannadkii hore, waxayna dhoofisay wadarta guud ee 46,800 oo tan oo resin koollada ah, taasoo ah koror 53.16% marka la barbar dhigo isla xilligii sannadkii hore. Nuskii hore ee sannadka, marka laga reebo shirkado gaar ah oo u xirnaa dayactirka, culayska hawlgalka warshadda resin koollada ee gudaha ayaa weli ahaa mid aad u sarreeya, sahayda alaabtu way ku filnayd, suuquna wuu sii socday hoos u dhaca. Soo-saarayaashu si firfircoon ayay u raadiyeen dalabaadka dhoofinta si loo yareeyo khilaafaadka suuqa gudaha, mugga dhoofinta ee la isu geeyayna si weyn ayuu u kordhay. -
Sidee ku ogaan kartaa in balaastiggu yahay polypropylene?
Mid ka mid ah siyaabaha ugu fudud ee lagu sameeyo tijaabada ololka waa in laga jaro muunad ka sameysan balaastikada oo lagu shido armaajo qiiqa. Midabka ololka, urta iyo astaamaha gubashada ayaa tilmaami kara nooca balaastikada: 1. Polyethylene (PE) - Dhibco, ur sida shamac; 2. Polypropylene (PP) - Dhibco, ur badan oo saliid matoor wasakh ah iyo hoos u dhac shamac; 3. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, "Perspex") - Xumbo, dillaac, ur udgoon macaan; 4. Polyamide ama "Nylon" (PA) - Olol qoyan, ur marigolds; 5. Acrylonitrilebutadienestyrene (ABS) - Olol aan hufnayn, oo qoyan, ur marigolds; 6. Xumbo Polyethylene (PE) - Dhibco, ur shumac -
Mars M Beans waxay Shiinaha ka bilowday baakadaha waraaqaha isku dhafan ee PLA ee baaba'aya.
Sannadkii 2022, Mars waxay soo saartay shukulaatada ugu horreysay ee M&M ee lagu duubay warqad isku dhafan oo la burburin karo Shiinaha. Waxaa laga sameeyay walxo la burburin karo sida warqad iyo PLA, taasoo beddeshay baakaddii caadiga ahayd ee jilicsanayd ee balaastikada ah waagii hore. Baakaduhu waxay dhaaftay GB/T Habka go'aaminta ee 19277.1 wuxuu xaqiijiyay in xaaladaha bacriminta warshadaha, ay hoos u dhigi karto in ka badan 90% 6 bilood gudahood, waxayna noqon doontaa biyo aan sun ahayn oo bayooloji ahaan, kaarboon laba ogsaydh iyo alaabo kale ka dib marka ay burburaan. -
Dhoofinta PVC ee Shiinaha ayaa weli ah mid aad u sarreysa qeybtii hore ee sanadka.
Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobkii ugu dambeeyay ee kastamka, bishii Juun 2022, mugga dhoofinta ee budada saafiga ah ee PVC ee dalkayga soo degaya wuxuu ahaa 29,900 tan, taasoo ah koror dhan 35.47% bishii hore iyo koror sanadle ah oo dhan 23.21%; bishii Juun 2022, mugga dhoofinta budada saafiga ah ee PVC ee dalkayga wuxuu ahaa 223,500 tan, Hoos u dhaca bisha-bil wuxuu ahaa 16%, kororka sanadka-sanadkana wuxuu ahaa 72.50%. Mugga dhoofinta ayaa sii waday inuu sii wado heer sare, taasoo yareysay sahayda aadka u badan ee suuqa gudaha ilaa xad gaar ah. -
Waa maxay Polypropylene (PP)?
Polypropylene (PP) waa thermoplastic adag, adag, iyo crystalline ah. Waxaa laga sameeyay monomer propene (ama propylene). Resin-kan hydrocarbon-ka toosan waa polymer-ka ugu fudud dhammaan balaastikada badeecadaha. PP wuxuu ku yimaadaa homopolymer ama copolymer waxaana si weyn loogu xoojin karaa waxyaabo lagu daro. Waxay ka heshaa codsiga baakadaha, baabuurta, alaabta macaamiisha, caafimaadka, filimada la tuuray, iwm. PP waxay noqotay agab la doorto, gaar ahaan marka aad raadineyso polymer leh xoog sare (tusaale ahaan, marka loo eego Polyamide) codsiyada injineernimada ama si fudud u raadinayso faa'iido kharash ah dhalooyinka wax lagu dhejiyo ee la shiiday (marka loo eego PET). -
Waa maxay Polyethylene (PE)?
Polyethylene (PE), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan polythene ama polyethene, waa mid ka mid ah balaastikada ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo adduunka. Polyethylene-yadu badanaa waxay leeyihiin qaab-dhismeed toosan waxaana loo yaqaanaa inay yihiin polymers lagu daray. Isticmaalka ugu weyn ee polymers-kan macmal ah waa baakadaha. Polyethelyne waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo bacaha balaastikada ah, dhalooyinka, filimada balaastikada ah, weelasha, iyo muraayadaha geomembranes. Waxaa la ogaan karaa in in ka badan 100 milyan oo tan oo polyethene ah la soo saaro sannad kasta ujeeddooyin ganacsi iyo warshadeed. -
Falanqaynta hawlgalka suuqa dhoofinta PVC ee dalkayga qeybtii hore ee 2022.
Qeybtii hore ee 2022, suuqa dhoofinta PVC ayaa sannadba sanadka ka dambeeya kordhay. Rubucii hore, oo ay saameeyeen hoos u dhaca dhaqaalaha adduunka iyo cudurka faafa, shirkado badan oo dhoofinta gudaha ah ayaa muujiyay in baahida loo qabo saxannada dibadda ay si yar hoos ugu dhacday. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tan iyo bilowgii Maajo, iyadoo xaaladda cudurka faafa ay soo hagaagtay iyo tallaabooyin taxane ah oo ay soo bandhigtay dowladda Shiinaha si loogu dhiirrigeliyo soo kabashada dhaqaalaha, heerka hawlgalka ee shirkadaha wax soo saarka PVC ee gudaha ayaa ahaa mid aad u sarreeya, suuqa dhoofinta PVC ayaa kululaaday, baahida loo qabo saxannada dibaddana way korodhay. Tirada waxay muujinaysaa isbeddel kobac oo gaar ah, waxqabadka guud ee suuqana wuu soo hagaagay marka la barbar dhigo xilligii hore. -
Waa maxay PVC-ga loo isticmaalo?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC, ama vinyl) oo dhaqaale ahaan la isticmaali karo, oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo adeegsiyo ah dhismaha iyo dhismaha, daryeelka caafimaadka, elektaroonigga, baabuurta iyo qaybaha kale, alaabada u dhaxaysa tuubooyinka iyo dhinacyada, bacaha dhiigga iyo tuubooyinka, ilaa dahaarka siligga iyo fiilooyinka, qaybaha nidaamka muraayadda hore iyo waxyaabo kaloo badan. -
Mashruuca ballaarinta iyo sifeynta ethylene ee Hainan Refinery ee malaayiin tan ah ayaa ku dhow in la wareejiyo.
Mashruuca Sifeynta iyo Kiimikada Ethylene ee Hainan iyo Mashruuca Dib-u-dhiska iyo Ballaarinta Sifeynta ayaa ku yaal Aagga Horumarinta Dhaqaalaha ee Yangpu, iyadoo wadarta guud ee maalgashiga ay tahay in ka badan 28 bilyan oo yuan. Ilaa hadda, horumarka guud ee dhismaha ayaa gaaray 98%. Ka dib marka mashruuca la dhammeeyo oo la geliyo wax soo saarka, waxaa la filayaa inuu kasbado in ka badan 100 bilyan oo yuan oo warshado hoos yimaada. Kala duwanaanshaha Olefin Feedstock iyo High-end Downstream Forum ayaa lagu qaban doonaa Sanya Luulyo 27-28. Xaaladda cusub, horumarinta mashaariicda baaxadda leh sida PDH, iyo dillaaca ethane, isbeddelka mustaqbalka ee teknoolojiyada cusub sida saliidda cayriin ee tooska ah ee olefins, iyo jiilka cusub ee dhuxusha/methanol ee olefins. -
MIT: Polylactic-glycolic acid copolymer microparticles waxay sameeyaan tallaal "is-kordhiya".
Saynisyahanno ka tirsan Machadka Teknolojiyadda Massachusetts (MIT) ayaa ku soo warramay joornaalka dhawaan la daabacay ee Science Advances inay sameynayaan tallaal hal qiyaas ah oo is-kor u qaadaya. Ka dib marka tallaalka lagu duro jirka aadanaha, waxaa la sii deyn karaa dhowr jeer iyada oo aan loo baahnayn tallaal kor u qaadaya. Tallaalka cusub ayaa la filayaa in loo isticmaalo cudurrada u dhexeeya jadeecada ilaa Covid-19. Waxaa la soo sheegay in tallaalkan cusub uu ka samaysan yahay walxo poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). PLGA waa isku-dhis dabiici ah oo polymer ah oo shaqayn kara oo aan sun ahayn oo leh iswaafajin wanaagsan. Waxaa loo oggolaaday in loo isticmaalo beerista, tolida, agabka dayactirka, iwm.